Introduction to Linux, Open Source Development, and GIT (LFD301)

In this course you will learn about the history of Linux and what differentiates it from other UNIX-like operating systems, what the main ingredients of a Linux system are and how to use them, the essentials of system administration, such as user accounts and groups, essential commands, filesystems, security, and more, networking and threading models, aspects of compiling and using libraries, working with Java under Linux, and more. The Linux job market is hot, and Linux developers are being offered better paying, more flexible, and more fulfilling jobs than many of their peers. This course will prepare you to join the ranks of professional Linux developers.
 

This course is for students who are already experienced computer users on another operating system, but have limited or no experience working in a Linux environment. The information in this course will work with any major Linux distribution.
 

This course is for students who are already experienced computer users on another operating system, but have limited or no experience working in a Linux environment.
 

Introduction

• Objectives and Audience
• The Linux Foundation
• Linux Foundation Training
• Certification Programs and Digital Badging
• Where Does the Software Come From?
• Is it Difficult to Migrate to Linux?
• Migration Considerations
• Migration Aids and Documentation
• Scope and Coverage of System Administration
• Preparing Your System
• Procedures
• Things change in Linux
• Labs

Open Source Software

• What is Open Source Software?
• What is Proprietary (Closed Source) Software?
• Pragmatism vs Idealism
• History of Open Source Software
• Open Source Governance Models
• Labs

Why Use Open Source Software?

• Collaborative Development
• Security and Quality of Source Code
• Users: Flexibility
• Business: Collaborative Development
• Business: Marketing
• Education: El-Hi, Public Systems
• Education: University
• Developers: Greater Visibility
• Labs

Examples of Successful OSS Projects

• Linux Kernel
• git
• Apache
• Python, Perl and Other Computer Languages
• TEX and LATEX
• GNU: gcc, gdb, etc
• X and Desktop Managers
• OpenStack, Kubernetes, and other Projects
• Labs

How to Work in OSS Projects

• Overview on How to Contribute Properly
• Study and Understand the Project DNA
• Figure Out What Itch You Want to Scratch
• Identify Maintainers and Their Work Flows and Methods
• Get Early Input and Work in the Open
• Contribute Incremental Bits, Not Large Code Dumps
• Leave Your Ego at the Door: Don’t Be Thin-Skinned
• Be Patient, Develop Long Term Relationships, Be Helpful
• Labs

Continuous Integration

• Why Continuous Integration?
• Continuous Delivery and Continuous Deployment
• Cost and Benefits
• Tools
• Example: Linux Kernel Continuous Integration Project
• The Continuous Delivery Foundation

OSS Licensing and Legal Issues

• Restrictive vs Permissive Licensing
• FUD
• Software Patents
• Patents and Licenses
• Choosing a License
• Combining Licenses
• Labs

Leadership vs Control and Why Projects Fail

• Leadership vs Control
• Loosen the Chains
• Mentoring
• Building Trust
• Why do many OSS projects fail
• Labs

Respecting and Encouraging Diversity in OSS

• Diversity and Open Source Software
• Sex and Gender Identity
• National Origin, Geography and Language
• Religion and Politics
• Differences of Opinion
• Labs

GitHub and Other Hosting Providers

• GitHub
• Public vs Private
• GUI vs command line
• Labs

Linux and the Operating System

• Kernel vs Operating System and Tools
• History of Linux
• UNIX and Linux
• Linux Distributions
• Linux Standard Base (LSB)
• Labs

Graphical Environments and Interfaces

• Graphical Layers
• X Window System
• Window Managers
• Desktop Managers
• Terminal Window Options
• Labs

System Administration

• Installation
• Software Management and Packaging
• Upgrading and Patching
• User Directories, Environments, etc
• Logging Files
• Labs

Getting Help

• Sources of Documentation
• man Pages
• info
• –help and help
• Graphical Interfaces
• Labs

Text Editors

• Available Text Editors
• vi
• emacs
• Labs

Shells, bash, and the Command Line

• Shells
• Shell Initialization
• Aliases
• Environment Variables
• Customizing the Command Line Prompt
• Special Characters
• Redirection
• Pipes
• Command Substitution and Expressions
• Labs

Filesystem Layout, Partitions, Paths and Links

• Filesystem Layout
• Partitions
• Partitioning Considerations
• Paths
• Hard and Soft (Symbolic) Links
• Labs

System Initialization

• System Boot
• System Initialization
• Labs

Memory

• Memory
• Swap
• Threading Models
• Labs

Networking

• Networking and Network Interfaces
• Labs

Command Details

• Basic Commands and Utilities
• File Transfer Tools
• Monitoring and Performance Utilities
• Graphical Monitoring Tools
• Loading/Unloading Kernel Modules
• Device Management
• Managing System Services
• Labs

Users and Groups

• Basics of Users and Groups
• Adding and Removing Users and Groups
• Files, Users and Permissions
• root (super) user, su and sudo
• Labs

Linux Filesystems

• Filesystems and the VFS
• ext2, ext3, and ext4 Filesystems
• Journaling Filesystems
• btrfs
• Mounting Filesystems
• RAID
• LVM
• Labs

Essential Command Line Tools

• Listing, Creating, Deleting and Renaming Files and Directories
• Finding Files: find and locate
• Finding Strings: grep
• String Substitution: sed
• Labs

Bash Scripting

• Script Basics
• Conditionals
• Loops
• Functions
• Labs

Files and Filesystems

• Types of Files
• Permissions and Access Rights
• Changing Permissions and Ownership
• Labs

Compiling, Linking and Libraries

• gcc
• Other Compilers
• Major gcc Options
• Static Libraries
• Shared Libraries
• Linking To Libraries
• Debugging with gdb
• Labs

Java Installation and Environment**

• Write Once and Use Anywhere?
• Installing Java on Linux
• Handling Multiple JREs and JDKs: the alternatives System
• Environment Variables and Class Paths
• Integrated Development Environments

Building RPM and Debian Packages

• Why Use Package Management
• Packaging System Benefits
• Linux Distributions and Package Management
• RPM Creation
• The RPM spec File
• Details on RPM spec Sections
• RPM Dependencies
• Debian Package Creation Workflow
• Labs

Introduction to GIT

• Revision Control
• Available Revision Control Systems
• Graphical Interfaces
• Documentation
• Labs

Git Installation

• Binary Installation
• Installing from Source
• Labs

Git and Revision Control Systems

• Converting Between Different Systems
• RCS and CVS
• Subversion
• git
• git and Distributed Development
• Labs

Using Git: an Example

• Basic Commands
• A Simple Example
• Labs

Git Concepts and Architecture

• Concepts
• Design Features
• Repositories
• Objects and Index
• Content vs Pathnames
• Committing vs. Publishing
• Upstream and Downstream
• Forking
• Labs

Managing Files and the Index

• File Categories
• Basic File Commands
• Labs

Commits

• Making a Commitment
• Identifiers and Tags
• Viewing the Commit History
• Reverting and Resetting Commits
• Tidying Repositories
• Who is to Blame?
• Bisecting
• Labs

Branches

• What is a branch?
• Branch Names vs Tags
• Branch Creation
• Branch Checkout
• Getting Earlier File Versions
• Labs

Diffs

• Differencing Files
• Diffing in Git
• Labs

Merges

• What is Merging?
• Merge Commands
• Rebasing
• Labs

Managing Local and Remote Repositories

• Working with Others
• Cloning
• Publishing Your Project
• Fetching, Pulling and Pulling
• Labs

Using Patches

• Why Use Patches?
• Producing Patches
• Emailing
• Applying Patches
• Labs

Advanced Git Interfaces: Gerrit

• Modes of Distributed Development
• Gerrit
• Review Process
• Labs

Closing and Evaluation Survey

• Evaluation Survey