Introduction to Oracle Database and SQL

 

This course is designed for developers, analysts, and others who need to use Oracle’s SQL language to query or modify data, and to create basic objects in Oracle databases.
 

No prior SQL knowledge is required.
 

Relational Database Design Using Oracle

• Position the Server Technologies
• Understand Relational Structures
• Summarize the SQL Language
• Use the Client Tools
• Review the schemas to be used for workshops

Data Retrieval Using the SQL SELECT Statement

• Learn SQL concepts and syntax
• Learn and code basic SQL statements using:
• DUAL table
• Statement terminators and case sensitivity
• DISTINCT
• Concatenation and Literals
• Column Aliases
• Arithmetic and Date operators
• All basic SQL Datatypes
• NULLs
• Workshop

Restricting and Sorting Data

• Use WHERE clause to limit the Rows Retrieved by a Query
• Numeric conditions
• Character conditions
• Implicit data conversion
• Date conditions
• Comparison operators
• BETWEEN, IN, LIKE, IS NULL
• AND, OR, NOT
• Precedence rules
• Sort the Rows Retrieved by a Query
• ORDER BY
• ASC and DESC
• NULLS FIRST and NULLS LAST
• Positional ordering
• Ampersand Substitution
• &, &&, DEFINE, VERIFY, SET
• Workshop

Single-Row Functions

• Describe Various Types of Functions Available in SQL
• Use Character, Number, and Date Functions in SELECT Statements
• Describe Various Types of Conversion Functions Available in SQL
• Single-Row functions
• Multi-row functions
• Character functions
• Case conversion such as LOWER, UPPER, INICAP
• Character manipulation such as LENGTH, LPAD, RPAD, TRIM, INSTR, SUBSTR, REPLACE
• Numeric functions such as ROUND, TRUNC, and MOD
• Date functions
• SYSDATE
• MONTHS_BETWEEN, ADD_DAYS, LAST_DAY, ROUND
• Workshop

Using Conversion Functions and Conditional Expressions

• Explicit vs Implicit conversion
• Implicit character to date conversions
• Explicit date conversions
• Nested functions
• General functions for dealing with NULL values
• NVL, NVL2, NULLIF, COALESCE
• Conditional functions
• DECODE, CASE Expression
• Workshop

Reporting Aggregated Data Using the Group Functions

• Group Functions concepts
• Primary group functions
• COUNT, AVG, SUM, MIN, MAX
• Additional group functions
• VARIANCE, STDDEV, CORR, RANK, etc.
• Group Data Using the GROUP BY Clause
• Golden Group By Rule
• Include or Exclude Grouped Rows Using the HAVING Clause
• Workshop

Displaying Data from Multiple Table

• Join concepts
• Write SELECT Statements to Access Data from More Than One Table
• Join Syntax
• ANSI SQL syntax: NATURAL JOIN, JOIN USING, JOIN ON
• Oracle specific syntax
• INNER vs OUTER vs CARTESION joins
• Join Rules
• Equijoins vs Non-equijoins
• Join a Table to itself Using a Self-join
• Workshop

Using Subqueries to Solve Problems

• Describe the Types of Problems That the Subqueries Can Solve
• Simple vs Correlated subqueries
• Single-row vs multi-row subqueries
• Comparison operators in single-row subqueries
• Comparison operators in multi-row subqueries
• EXISTS and NOT EXISTS in subqueries
• ANY and ALL in subqueries
• Workshop

Using the Set Operators

• Describe the Set Operators
• Use Set Operators to Combine Multiple Queries into a Single Query
• UNION, UNION ALL, INTERSECT, and MINUS
• Set operator rules
• Sorting results of set operators
• Workshop

Manipulating Data

• Data Manipulation Language (DML) Statement use and syntax
• INSERT
• UPDATE
• DELETE
• MERGE
• TRUNCATE
• COMMIT and ROLLBACK
• Statement Failure – all or nothing
• ACID test: Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability
• Additional transaction control
• SAVEPOINT
• SELECT FOR UPDATE
• Row Locking: who sees what?
• Workshop

Using DDL Statements to Create and Manage Tables

• Categorize the Main Database Objects
• Tables, Views, Synonyms, Indexes, Sequences
• Schema Object Naming Rules
• Object Namespaces
• Table and column types
• CREATE TABLE syntax
• Modifying tables
• Table Constraints
• Workshop

Creating Other Schema Objects

• Categorize the Main Database Objects
• Views
• Why use Views?
• Simple vs Complex Views
• View DML
• CREATE VIEW syntax
• ALTER and DROP VIEW syntax
• Synonyms
• Purpose
• Private vs Public Synonyms
• Creating, altering, and dropping synonyms
• Sequences
• Purpose
• Syntax
• CURRVAL and NEXTVAL
• Indexes
• Purpose
• Types of indexes
• B*Tree vs Bitmap Indexes
• Column Cardinality
• Syntax
• Uniqueness
• Explicit vs Implicit creation
• ALTER and DROP index
• Workshop